Zoom 5809 Uživatelský manuál stáhnout pdf (Strana 8)

internet application. This creates the illusion of a pervasive

nomadic PIM environment which is not bound to specific

operating systems or devices but is traveling with the user

from device to device.

In course of our “permaedia” project [21] we will research

how ZOIL-based user interfaces support this

complementary use of such different devices like small

display devices (e.g. Ultra Mobile PCs, PDAs or smart

phones), desktop and living room devices (e.g. Tablet PCs,

Home Theater PCs, set-top boxes) and large high resolution

displays (see figure 8).

CONCLUSION & FUTURE WORK

With the ZOIL user interface paradigm we have outlined a

novel approach to the design of integrated work

environments for PIM. By formulating the five fundamental

ZOIL design principles and illustrating them in mock-ups

and prototypes we have made a first step towards an

alternative to the traditional application-oriented desktop

metaphor. We believe that ZOIL can evolve into the

foundation of a new generation of cross-platform PIM user

interfaces with high usability and an intriguing user

experience. In particular the web-based deployment of

ZOIL user interfaces as rich internet applications would

open new possibilities for a pervasive and nomadic personal

information management on a wide range of devices under

a consistent interaction model.

For this reason we will develop provisional user interface

libraries, input device managers and backend interfaces

based on C# and .NET/WPF to allow a quick realization

and evaluation of elaborated ZOIL-based prototypes for

different stationary and mobile devices. The results from

user tests will be used to optimize our designs in various

contexts of use and to refine the formulation of the

fundamental ZOIL design principles. In particular

following important research questions remain unanswered

at this stage and will be part of our future work:

How does the visual-spatial orientation in a ZUI stand the

test of day-to-day use? The user’s orientation and

navigation in ZUIs will be subject to empirical research and

close examination as this ability is critical for the benefits

of a ZUI and has not been researched sufficiently yet [16].

How can the ZOIL paradigm be enhanced by integrating

peripheral views or polyfocal navigation? A user interface

that is purely based on zooming and panning in the

information landscape lacks permanently visible indicators

for events like “an email has arrived” or lacks free floating

regions of the screen for activities like instant messaging or

video chats. Furthermore comparing items or transferring

parts of one item into another should be facilitated by

offering multiple simultaneous views on different locations

in the landscape (e.g. by splitting the screen, by collapsing

and expanding regions of the landscape or by using

polyfocal distortion).

How can the ZOIL paradigm be enhanced through

alerting? As Jones and Teevan point out in [22, p. 9]

deferring processing until later is a frequent activity in PIM.

To this day ZOIL does not contain possibilities to easily

mark an information item for later processing and to keep

track of these items, their changes or deadlines. Alerting the

user about new arrivals, changes or at prescribed points in

time should be integrated without impairing the consistency

and visual character of the ZOIL UI.

Although the ZOIL paradigm is still at a very early stage,

we are convinced of its potential for the future. In [28]

Moran & Zhai have postulated seven dimensions in which

future work environments should emancipate themselves

from the traditional desktop metaphor. Regarding the new

possibilities that the ZOIL paradigm introduces to user

interface design we are convinced that ZOIL will be able to

contribute innovative solutions in all these dimensions.

REFERENCES

1. Adler, S. WebOS: say goodbye to desktop applications.

netWorker 9, 2005, 18-26.

2. Talks: Blaise Aguera y Arcas - Jaw-dropping

Photosynth demo. http://www.ted.com/.

3. Ahlberg, C., Williamson, C. and Shneiderman, B.

Dynamic queries for information exploration: an

implementation and evaluation. In CHI '92: Proceedings

of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in

computing systems, ACM Press (1992), 619-626.

4. Ahlberg, C. and Shneiderman, B. Visual information

seeking using the FilmFinder. In CHI '94: Conference

companion on Human factors in computing systems,

ACM Press (1994), 433-434.

5. Bardram, J.E. From Desktop Task Management to

Ubiquitous Activity-Based Computing. In Beyond the

desktop metaphor : designing integrated digital work

environments, MIT Press (2007), Cambridge, Mass.,

223-259.

6. Bederson, B.B. and Hollan, J.D. Pad++: a zooming

graphical interface for exploring alternate interface

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technology, ACM Press (1994), 17-26.

7. Bederson, B.B., Shneiderman, B. and Wattenberg, M.

Ordered and quantum treemaps: Making effective use of

2D space to display hierarchies. ACM Trans. Graph 21,

ACM Press (2002), 833-854.

8. Bederson, B.B., Grosjean, J. and Meyer, J. Toolkit

Design for Interactive Structured Graphics. IEEE Trans.

Softw. Eng 30, IEEE (2004), 535-546.

9. Bier, E.A., Stone, M.C., Pier, K., Buxton, W. and

Derose, T.D. Toolglass and magic lenses: the see-

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